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CIOs and IT Departments – Cost Center or Profit Centre

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In business, an operating unit is either making money or it’s detracting from a company’s profits. In simple terms, it’s the difference between a profit center and a cost center.

IT Departments worldwide face the difficult task of demonstrating the ROI that they provide to their parent companies.

IT Departments provide essential support services to other departments within a company, however; these contributions are often not easily quantified into revenue.

Most IT departments traditionally function as cost centers, a business model in which funds are invested but an obvious return on investment is not easily visible.

There’s an increasing need to transform IT Departments into a revenue contributing business. The impact of IT on business is deep, pervasive, and growing.

We literally can’t separate IT and general business. The better any company exploits technology, the better they are at their jobs, knowing customers, working with partners, capturing markets, growing profits.

IT is being called on to transform business, and to do so IT must transform itself, too.

As the developing markets e.g. Nigeria matures, executives becomes wiser and sees the need to focus more on their core business.

And these we have seen with decreasing IT budgets, or outright outsourcing of all IT function. We can broadly say that enterprise in Africa are at a cross-road and are facing typical business challenges – which are changing the way IT function is organized.

Then Role of CIO is also changing – with the change in the IT requirements and model of IT engagements.  IT is getting more and more aligned to business functions – and is seen as a critical enabler for conducting operations.

Traditionally enterprises in the Africa have taken a CAPEX centric approach, – however they now starting to realize the need for and benefits of – OPEX based models.

What this means is that organizations are looking at means to improve ways in which business is conducted.

This may be true for all functions within an organization like Supply Chain, sales and marketing etc.

In the current context of business transformation, including IT departments, CIOs need to innovate in order to stay relevant. Based on survey amongst CIO in the West Africa region, the top priorities for CIOs and IT Managers are getting executive buy-in and support for strategic/innovative IT projects; obtaining budgets for IT investments and managing growing expectations and service needs. I strongly believe CIOs can take advantage of these challenges to re-invent themselves and be seen differently by the business. CIOs need to more from IT productivity to business productivity.

IDC had in different forum highlight the advent of disruptive technology with the 3rd Platform: Cloud, Mobility, Big Data & Analytics and Social technologies had impacted the way IT is consumed. This in itself provides both opportunity and a threat to CIOs and their IT Departments.

An opportunity, if the CIO takes advantage of these to reinvent his IT department by showing value beyond that been seen as a cost center to becoming a profit center.

And the 3rd platform could be a threat if The CIO does nothing other than “keeping lights on” and just maintaining IT systems. Some CIOs can hardly leverage IT to unlock real value and profit, and as a result, most businesses treat IT as a cost center, because that is what it is to them. CIOs need to take advantage of exploits in technology, knowing the business, knowing the business’ customers, working with partners and to growing profits, thereby maintaining their relevance to the organisation.

Already a new class of strategic IT organization is emerging, one that uses the business of the 3rd Platform in cloud, mobile, mixed-sourcing, strategic souring, and e-commerce as core components by delivering business services even better and cheaper than some IT departments.

How Can CIOs transform their IT Departments from a Cost Center to a Profit Center?
The process of transforming a cost center to a profit center is not a simple one, but it’s very achievable.

The first step in transitioning to a profit center is performing a gap analysis. IT leaders should take stock of what they really need to transit, that is, judge what the current position is and decide on the eventual goal of the department.

IT leaders must be certain to ensure that they identify and assess all barriers to transforming the IT department as well as discover what variety of the profit center model is most suitable to the company. Questions that could be asked during the gap analysis are the following:
•    Is there a market or how can I create a market for the IT department to sell identified services to external companies?
•    Do I have resources or partnerships to evolve the transition? 
•    Do O I have a sellable transition business plan to the business?

Take a stock of your IT investments in Licenses or infrastructure, there is a service you probably can compartmentalize and extend to provide and sell to small businesses?

CIOs and IT Managers may also consider a “Charge Back” model to internal sister departments within the corporate depending on the size and structure of the parent company.

A charge back method would strive to frame and describe the means in which an IT department’s sister departments can compensate IT for “extra” or “additional” or “add-on” services delivered e.g. Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) implementation for enterprise mobility.

Creating a charge back method requires participation from all of IT’s internal business partners. Developing a compensation or charge back has the potential to be politically explosive within a corporate, but the benefit to IT is that it can help dispel the notion that it is a cost center by enabling IT to prove that it can generate obvious revenue or at lease save significant cost by regulating technology consumption.

By charging internal business partners for IT services, IT would be able to clearly show the benefits their services provide. For bigger corporation where departments are responsible for their own IT budgets, IT departments need to determine competitive differentiation in delivering its services. Competitive differentiation in this context means that IT should realize that they are not guaranteed to win all contracts put up for bid by internal departments.

IT departments must ensure that they are competitive with their outside competition and must display this competitive advantage by completing projects in an efficient and timely manner.

It is important to know that transforming IT departments from cost center to profit center is a new paradigm that is essential because of the way technology usage is changing. While it may not be popular now does not mean it’s not worth considering.

One phenomenon that we already see putting threat on the job and relevance of CIOs and IT Departments is Business Process Outsourcing (BPO). It’s gradually permeating the IT space as well. Locally, we’ve seen where a whole IT department is outsourced.

You may argue that that is on bigger scale and only big companies can possibly do that. The truth is that when Cloud Computing is at its best, and regulations permit, small and mid-size companies may decide access ERP, CRM services from the cloud on a subscription basis and move from CAPEX to OPEX model as far IT is concerned.

Ten years ago, CIOUpdate.com columnist Sourabh Hajela states that “IT cannot work as a profit center because it fails to meet the requirements for a department to function as a profit center because of the following reasons:
•    Revenues and costs: Accurately quantifying revenues and costs.
•    Market: A focus on customer relationships that are generating higher profits and either discontinue or deemphasize those that aren’t.
•    Product Mix: The creation of a portfolio of products and services driven by market demand.
•    Product pricing: Price products and services to maximize profits.
•    Timing: It is often said that, in business, timing is everything. Profit centers are profitable when they can quickly respond to a market opportunity.”

Mr. Hajela general surmises that IT departments cannot work as profit centers because of its close alignment with other business departments. “An ITO cannot work as a profit center because it has a captive relationship with its “customers,” 

I am sure this suggestion by Mr. Hajela has been over shadowed by the advent of the disruptive technology in the 3rd Platform and the emergence of new models and options for businesses to consume.

In a short while, there will be an increasing pressure to transform IT Departments into a business, a revenue generating entity. CIOs should be prepared to answer the question, what kind of transformation makes the most sense for my business?

I’ll close this article with a quote from Charles Darwin that “It is not the strongest of the species that survive, nor the most intelligent, but the one most responsive to change.”

Bola Adisa
Email: [email protected]
Phone: 07061547518


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Nigeria CommunicationsWeek believes that technology makes life more exciting and helps improve the lives of people around Nigeria and indeed the world. So since 2007, we have devoted our energy to independent reportage of technology and how they affect lives.

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Defending the foundations for connectivity

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By Engr. Gbenga Adebayo

In 2001, when the first GSM call was made in Nigeria how many of us would have envisaged the digital world that we live in today? The pace of growth and the rate of adoption of telecoms solutions in Nigeria has been revolutionary. It is a globally acknowledged case study that we should be proud of and a clear demonstration of what can be achieved.

Almost all of us today are reliant on the network connectivity that it has enabled in different shapes and forms. From the simple need to communicate with loved ones, to the digital platforms that enable our access to and consumption of entertainment, financial products and other critical services. Our reliance on these systems is becoming more and more acute, whether it is citizens, governments, or corporations. System downtime is increasingly disruptive and offline manual redundancies are often in the advanced stages of being phased out. The pace of this transition is not slowing down. With the core infrastructure in place, innovation is driving the exponential growth of services that ride on it. From the fully adopted social media that has changed the way we interact, to the emerging Artificial Intelligence (AI) revolution.

While this innovation is enabling exciting new possibilities, there is a tendency to focus on those opportunities, to the detriment of the core infrastructure on which it rides. It is imperative that we retain a focus on the optimisation of that infrastructure and enable continued investment in its development. We have seen how the transition from 2G, through to 3G, 4G and 5G have each enabled the development of more and more sophisticated solutions.

The continued development of core infrastructure has to be sustainable, and over the last few months we have begun to see the challenges that the operators that provide it are facing. Both MTN and Airtel have declared significant foreign exchange (FX) losses in Nigeria, and the stress is not linked to them alone. The entire ecosystem is battling with a range of challenges that must be addressed. If we fail to do so, the downstream impact on innovation will be severe. Telecoms infrastructure requires a base level of investment to maintain its current capabilities, and significant additional investment to expand and grow. It is capital intensive and that capital has to be generated through sustainable business models.

At the heart of the challenge the industry faces is the issue of rising costs. Recent financial losses are directly linked to the cost of operating towers that rely on inputs like diesel, which have increased significantly as the Naira has depreciated. The provisions large telecom companies have had to make, and the consequent losses and impact on their reserves is a red flag. It tells us that business as usual is not sustainable. If we continue as we are, then those companies will struggle to continue to invest in and maintain existing services.

But those costs are not the only challenge. General cost inflation, multiple taxation, regular and damaging vandalisation of infrastructure and the costs associated with regulatory compliance all help contribute to the high cost of operations. We cannot continue to follow a path that asks those companies to simply accept those rising costs. It is no longer sustainable, and we have reached an inflection point.

This is a critical moment for the industry. How we approach and resolve it will define the future of Nigeria’s digital economy. If you want to be able to enjoy the benefits that digitisation brings. If we want the infrastructure that enables AI and helps us drive growth, then we must take action now.

Cost-reflective tariffs, like it or not, are simply non-negotiable. We have seen the impact of price controls in other segments of the economy, like power. If providers cannot operate sustainable business models, then they stop investing. When that happens, the existing infrastructure starts to crumble. For power, a consumer can choose to take ownership of the solution by buying a generator, or a solar panel. For fuel, the government can step in as the provider of last resort and manage a subsidy regime that mitigates the impact on the population. Those options are not available in the telecoms sector. There is no self-help solution.

We fully understand and appreciate the financial stress that Nigerians are experiencing today. The cost of living is the single most significant factor in most people’s daily lives. But those people are still able to enjoy the benefits that connectivity brings, at the price they paid before these challenges became so acute. Imagine a future in which the gains of the last twenty years are reversed. Nigeria, and Nigerians simply cannot afford it. The pain that we would feel under those circumstances would be exponentially worse.

We need to find a long-term, sustainable and manageable solution to this problem. Prices will need to rise, but action needs to be taken in a measured way, through sustainable conversations and partnership with the government. It is time to address this head on.

Engr. Gbenga Adebayo is the Chairman, Association of Licensed Telecoms Operators of Nigeria (ALTON)


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.NG Domain is Nigeria’s Pride Online – Akinsanya

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The .ng domain name, Nigeria’s country code top-level domain (ccTLD), is the nation’s critical resource in the digital space, says Adesola Akinsanya, the president of the Nigeria Internet Registration Association (NiRA).

Akintola Owolabi, Professor of Cost and Management Accounting at Lagos Business School (front – third from left; Adesola Akinsanya, the president of the Nigeria Internet Registration Association (NiRA) (Front – fourth from right), flanked by members of EBOD and Management Team of NiRA during a training programme at LBS.

The .ng domain extension is unique to Nigeria, and it can give businesses a strong local identity.

This can help establish trust with customers, which is especially important for businesses that rely on local customers.

Mr. Akinsanya made the comments at NiRA Executive Board of Directors (EBOD) and Management Training held at the Lagos Business School (LBS).

The NiRA Executive Board and Management Training at LBS spanned a series of intensive interactive sessions designed to address critical challenges and opportunities in the digital domain.

The training program emphasized the importance of strategic vision, ethical decision-making, and resilience in the face of digital disruptions.

Participants gained insights into global best practices in digital governance, risk management, and leveraging digital technologies for business growth and societal impact.

Mr. Akinsanya, highlighted the significance of the collaboration with LBS, stating, “The NiRA EBOD/Management Training at LBS underscores our commitment to fostering a robust digital ecosystem in Nigeria. It equips leaders with the expertise to address complex digital challenges especially in accounting and financial management while harnessing the immense opportunities of the digital age.”

The program featured distinguished speakers, industry practitioners, and faculty members from LBS, providing a holistic learning experience enriched with real-world case studies and practical insights.

Participants commended the program for its relevance, depth of content, and interactive learning approach, noting its immediate applicability to their roles and responsibilities.

The NiRA EBOD Training at LBS represents a milestone in advancing digital leadership and governance in Nigeria.

“By equipping leaders with cutting-edge knowledge and strategic insights, the program contributes to building a resilient and innovative digital ecosystem that drives sustainable growth and societal development, especially from NiRA perspective. We must fashion out ways of increasing .NG domain name adoption which is our national pride in the digital space”.

Speaking further on why Nigerians and businesses should adopt the .NG domain name, the NiRA president said, “.NG domain name gives your brand special recognition both on and offline.

“Using a .ng domain name can help your business stand out in the Nigerian and global market. It is a great way to differentiate your brand from competitors and establish a unique identity. A .ng domain name is easier to remember, which can make it more likely that customers will return to your website in the future”, he said.

“It instantly communicates to internet users that your business is located in Nigeria. This can be especially helpful if you operate in a niche or industry where location is important to customers”, the NiRA boss added.

He added that Google and other search engines prioritize local content in search results, hence using a .ng domain name can help improve your website’s search engine ranking for local searches.


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Climate Action Africa Opens Applications for CAAF24 Deal Room

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Climate Action Africa (CAA), a leading advocate for climate resilience and sustainable development, has announced the opening of applications for the Deal Room at the 2024 Climate Action Africa Forum (CAAF24). The Deal Room is a groundbreaking platform that aims to connect high-impact climate innovators in Africa with potential investors seeking to accelerate sustainable solutions.

The CAAF Deal Room is a strategic initiative that aims to create opportunities for innovators in the climate-tech domain focusing on emission reduction, energy, agriculture, transportation, circular economy, and building and construction.

The goal of the Deal Room is to select finalists who will have the opportunity to pitch their innovative ideas and solutions at the upcoming 2024 Climate Action Africa Forum, which will be held on June 19th in Lagos, Nigeria.

The Deal Room aims to boost investments in Africa’s green economy by galvanising a community of innovators, entrepreneurs, and investors to create applicable solutions that can mitigate the challenges of climate change on the African continent.

The Deal Room session will facilitate financing for solutions contributing to the growth and sustainability of Africa’s green economy. These deals may encompass prize money, equity plans, debt financing, mergers and acquisitions, and other investment options.

“Through the CAAF24 Deal Room, we aim to bridge the critical gap between promising climate ventures and the essential resources they need to thrive,” says Grace Oluchi Mbah, Co-founder and Executive Director of Climate Action Africa (CAA). “By facilitating connections between passionate entrepreneurs and dedicated investors, we can collectively unlock the immense potential of climate solutions in Africa.”

The eligibility criteria for applying include:

●     The company must be African-owned and operate in any of the 54 African countries.

●     It must be a for-profit company, between 1-5 years post-incorporation, post-MVP (minimum viable product), and post-GTM (go-to-market).

●     The company should leverage digital technology to deliver its business model.

●     Female ownership is an added advantage.

 Those eligible to apply include venture capitalists, impact investors, climate tech startups, Green SMEs (small and medium-sized enterprises), philanthropic organisations, and government representatives.

Following the CAAF24 deal-room will be a post-event accelerator in partnership with the Silicon Valley-based Founder Institute and IDEA Africa. This Africa-wide initiative is specifically designed to further accelerate and enhance support for promising Climate Tech startups and founders who participated in the Deal Room.

The official unveiling of this accelerator will take place at the Climate Action Africa Forum 2024 (CAAF24), marking a significant step forward in driving Climate Tech innovations throughout Africa.

Applications for the CAAF24 Deal Room are open from April 22nd until May 17th. Interested applicants can register at https://deal.caaf.africa/register.


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