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Nigeria Cyberspace Neglected, Unprotected Territory- Onifade

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As the use of IT becomes pervasive, government, large corporations and private organizations are daily combating cyber security.
In this encounter with Opeyemi Onifade, president, Information Systems Audit and Control Association [ISACA] Abuja chapter, examine the trend. Excerpts.     

How Big is Cyber Security Threats in Nigeria
Nigeria as a member of the global society and the country cannot be insulated from the opportunities and threats of globalization. Now, the use of IT is pervasive.
Many organizations in Nigeria are leveraging on the Internet to transact and interact with customers, employees, suppliers and partners. The internet has become imperative to address our collective capacity to respond to the inevitability of cyber threats, especially Advanced Persistent Threats [APT].
Primarily, the purpose of the majority of APTs is to extract information from systems—this could be critical research, enterprise intellectual property or government information, among other things.
Talking about the shift in the motive for hacking (i.e. compromising the security profile of information systems), you will find that there is an evolution in the motivation for attacks.
Motivation for attacks can be explained as being attacked because you are on the Internet and you have vulnerabilities. Or because you are on the Internet and you have information of value; or because your former or current employee seeks financial gain from selling your intellectual property (IP) or because of who you are, what you do or the value of your IP.
And these include state-sponsored attacks and corporate espionage. According to recent research, Cybersecurity is a top global concern. 82% of enterprises are expected to experience a cyber incident in 2015.

Businesses and Government Preparing for the Current Threat
Financial industry players like banks have strengthened their cyber resilience through implementation of adequate technology, adoption of process-oriented good practices and standards, and engagement of right skills and competencies.
However, our government needs to consider a special vehicle to establish the framework to address cybersecurity issues strategically, tactically and operationally.
This is because cybesecurity is a security issue, in fact a national security concern.
We need to understand that we cannot succeed by accident. The cyberspace is now recognized as the fifth domain of warfare in addition to land, air, sea and space.
Unfortunately, in Nigeria, our cyberspace domain is still a neglected and unprotected territory.
Yet, we have come to depend so much on mobile telecommunications, electronic banking and e-commerce for our socioeconomic survival.
In specific terms, there is a need for the government to declare an emergency in the cybersecurity education domain of the country in order to promote cyber security expertise and create a formidable “army” that will be able to ensure effective national cyber defense.
The University Commission needs to update curricula development and accredit information security courses in our tertiary institutions.
Standards Organization of Nigeria needs to domesticate the information security related international standards. NITDA needs to wake up to her responsibilities as the governing body for IT-related security issues in the country.
This is an unfamiliar territory to government bureaucracy and the bureaucrats need to have the humility to collaborate with the professional bodies like ISACA with over 2000 credentialed Nigerian members in the interest of security of the country and wellbeing of her citizens.

Where Does ISACA Fit into all of These?
ISACA provides practical guidance, benchmarks and other effective tools for all enterprises that use information systems.
Through its comprehensive guidance and services, ISACA defines the roles of information systems governance, security, audit and assurance professionals worldwide.
The COBIT framework and the CSX, CISA, CISM, CGEIT and CRISC certifications are ISACA brands respected and used by these professionals for the benefit of their enterprises.
Nigerian banks depend on our members to man their audit, risk, e-business, operations and strategy department. CBN guidelines to the banks require them to use ISACA’s framework to align IT with Business strategy.
To become a member, you are required to register as a professional or student member.
Membership gives you access to vast educational opportunities and international networks.
Members are supported to earn professional credentials upon passing relevant exam and demonstrating verifiable work experience.
ISACA operates three chapters in Nigeria- Abuja, Lagos and Ibadan.  There are over 2000 members resident in Nigeria at the last count.

How can ISACA Enable Proven Best Practices to Reduce the Attack Surface, and Mitigate Risks?
For over 40 years, ISACA has promoted trust in, and value from information systems. ISACA has published frameworks and standards related to information assurance, information security, risk management, and corporate governance of IT.
We have been a global thought-leader on these issues.
In 2015, ISACA commenced a skill-based credentialing programme, Cybersecurity nexus CSX to develop and validate cybersecurity competencies. 
This programme is in recognition that the most advanced of cyber attacks are done by people and the defense side needs to have adequate competencies to reduce or eliminate opportunities for successful attacks.
ISACA provides access to the knowledge and competencies for cybersecurity in over 180 countries of the world.
ISACA Abuja chapter will be 10 years this year. What are your plans to commemorate this?  What are the preparations for the up-coming annual conference?
As part of our contribution to promoting the right use of information technology in the country, ISACA Abuja Nigeria has been hosting annual international conferences. The seventh edition coincides with our 10th anniversary.
This conference theme is “CYBERSECURITY: Aligning Nigeria with the rest of the World”. The Chief Information Security Officer of the City of Atlanta,
USA has accepted our invitation to be the keynote speaker. We are also drawing speakers from other parts of the world and from within the country.
As a social responsible professional body, we shall be donating IT-related books to tertiary institutions and libraries in Abuja.
We have also planned a free seminar for students of tertiary institutions interested in cybersecurity profession.
The platform is meant to provide mentorship to future cybersecurity professionals. To commemorate our 10th anniversary, we will be signing MOU with organizations that believe in our cause to make our cyberspace safe across the country and region.

Nigeria Security Professionals and Requisite Training to Build Strong Core Infrastructure, to Combat Digital Security Threats
According to CISCO, there are over one million unfilled jobs for information security roles worldwide. Another research estimates that more than 35% of enterprises are unable to fill open cyber security positions.
I believe security professionals in Nigeria have not been able to gain the recognition they deserve and so they have not been able to express themselves through hands-on contributions to the economy and national security. Sadly, there is currently an incessant loss of our cyber security professionals to opportunities in the Middle-East economies.
The brain drain will continue until we create an atmosphere to retain these skills. It happened to nursing and medical professionals in the 80’s, it is happening again to our cyber security professionals.
I think there are numerous opportunities for self-development for our professionals, but businesses and all tiers of government must begin to look to our citizens for cyber protection in order to fully engage and truncate the brain drain in the cyber security industry.
I wish to suggest that government agencies and businesses should be involved in sponsoring cybersecurity events for professionals and students.
An example is the cyberlympics organized by ISACA International. President Buhari will need to find a means to drive the cybersecurity agenda for the nation.
Recently the US President issued an executive order on cyber security earlier in the year and the UK government recently made public her National Cyber Security Strategy.

Legislation and Fight Against Security Threats and Cybercrime
Thankfully, the cybercrime bill was passed into law this year and there are attempts by the Office of National Security Adviser to promote a national strategic framework for cybersecurity.
While that is a good step forward, we are still very unserious in providing a legal framework for governing our cyberspace.
I mentioned earlier that our cyberspace is a neglected territory. Our laws should attempt to make Nigeria one of the most secure places to do business.
Until recently, Amazon.com would not ship to Nigeria. Paypal would not do business with Nigeria at all. While these organizations have modified their business models for Nigeria, their service package for Nigeria is still limited.
This means that Nigerians are unable to take full advantage of international e-commerce. For instance, while a Nigerian can pay using the global payment platform, paypal, she cannot receive payment using the same platform.
We need laws that will enable e-business not just punish cyber misdemeanor.
We are hoping that the members of the eight National Assembly will be open to working with experts in non-profit organizations like ISACA to help with research and case studies to make our laws appropriate and relevant to 21st century realities.

What can CISO do to Become very Prominent in Organisations?
The role of a CIO is to create value from the information asset of the organization while a CISO’s role is to preserve the value of the organization’s information asset. Information has become the most important factor of production over land, labour and capital.
Therefore, information security is really about business security. The CEO is the one who will be held accountable for the protection of the most important productive asset of the organization, i.e. the information assets.
He can delegate this responsibility to a CISO but he cannot delegate the accountability.  A CISO therefore needs to recognize his role as someone responsible for business resilience and performance. His role is not just to implement controls but also to ingrain the enablers of business strategic outcomes.


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Verra Certifies d.light’s Clean Cookstove Projects in Sub-Saharan Africa

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A series of pioneering projects by d.light, the global provider of transformational household products and affordable finance for low-income households, to distribute 600,000 energy-efficient clean cookstoves in Kenya, Nigeria, and Uganda have been officially certified by global verification body Verra.

This certification confirms the d.light projects as trusted, verified sources of high-quality carbon credits in the voluntary carbon markets (VCMs).

The d.light projects aim to simultaneously reduce carbon emissions, tackle indoor air pollution, and reduce deforestation through the sale of highly efficient biomass cookstoves subsidized by the revenues from the sale of carbon credits.

Since their launch in late 2022, the projects have positively impacted more than one million lives and are projected to transform more than three million lives by 2025.

Commenting on the news, Karl Skare, d.light’s Chief Product and Strategy Officer, emphasized the projects’ positive impact, “With these projects, we’re not just addressing environmental concerns but also enhancing quality of life for millions.

“Each project underscores d.light’s commitment to practical, innovative solutions that address both environmental and social challenges, as part of our mission to transform the lives of one billion people by 2030.”

Each year, domestic cooking emissions contribute more than two percent of total global GHG emissions and up to 25 percent of anthropogenic black carbon emissions.

Highly energy-efficient cookstoves solve this problem by reducing biomass use by up to 70 percent compared to traditional cooking methods, cutting emissions of both carbon dioxide and black carbon.

The d.light projects are expected to reduce emissions by up to 12 million tons, contributing to climate change mitigation. These emissions reductions will be registered as carbon credits in the voluntary carbon market.

As well as reducing emissions, clean cookstoves are also a benefit to public health. According to the World Health Organisation, exposure to smoke from cooking fires causes an estimated 3.2 million premature deaths worldwide each year and is still one of the predominant causes of pollution-related illness and death in Africa.

In Uganda, for example, less than one percent of the population has access to clean cooking, household air pollution is the one of the largest risk factors for death and disability.

In addition, switching from traditional three-stone open fires to cleaner, energy-efficient cookstoves significantly reduces deforestation and reduces threats to wildlife and biodiversity caused by habitat loss.

Skare explained, “By subsidizing energy-efficient cookstove costs through carbon financing, d.light makes clean cooking accessible to more households, which in turn leads to healthier living conditions and conserves natural resources as well.

“Our projects in Kenya, Nigeria and Uganda are models of how sustainable investments can yield multiple co-benefits, aligning with global efforts to combat climate change and also promoting socio-economic development.

Skare added, “d.light now has projects certified by both Gold Standard and Verra, the world’s two leading certifiers of carbon credits. Organizations looking for ways to offset their own emissions can be confident that when they purchase carbon credits in d.light’s clean cooking projects in sub-Saharan Africa, they are investing in transformative initiatives that reduce harmful emissions, improve people’s health and quality of life, and help conserve the environment as well.”

 


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Remedial Health Unveils New App with Digital POS to power operations for Africa’s Neighbourhood Pharmacies

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Remedial Health, a health tech startup that develops solutions to make Africa’s pharmaceutical value chain more efficient has unveiled an updated version of its customer-facing app, designed to function as an operating system for neighbourhood pharmacies and Proprietary Patent Medicine Vendors (PPMVs) across the continent.

The new app comes with a digital POS terminal to support payment collection, virtual business accounts to receive payments, an in-built barcode scanner feature for recording product sales and store-switch functionality to enable the seamless management of multiple stores, as well as inventory management solutions for restocking and easily identifying short-dated products.

The app also offers comprehensive financial reporting to manage profit and loss, and data analytics to inform decision making.

Despite accounting for 85 per cent of retail medicines sold in Africa’s pharmaceutical industry (projected to reach $70 billion market size by 2030), the absence of bespoke digital tools to manage their unique sales and inventory management needs means neighbourhood pharmacies and Proprietary patent Medicine Vendors (PPMVs) are unable to run their operations as effectively and profitably as possible.

At the same time, the reliance on paper-based inventory and sales management processes means manufacturers have limited empirical insights into customer behaviour to inform their decisions on production and distribution.

The new Remedial Health app has been designed specifically for healthcare businesses in Africa, with tailored features that have been designed to support effective decision making to drive business growth and profitability.

Starting in Nigeria, healthcare businesses can access vetted medicines, and manage their sales and inventory on one easy-to-use platform, freeing up time and capacity to effectively serve their customers and communities.

The app also enables Remedial Health to provide consolidated, real-time data on market behaviour to manufacturers for increased profitability and better decision-making across the value chain.

According to Samuel Okwuada, CEO, and co-founder of Remedial Health, “Neighbourhood pharmacies and PPMVs represent the frontline of healthcare delivery in Africa but they have historically been left to their own devices to figure out how to be efficient and profitable.

“Our mission is to empower these essential service providers with the tools they need to manage day-to-day operations and seamlessly run their practices effectively. We spent a lot of time interacting with our customers in the process of delivering this product and the feedback has been great.

“We are excited by the opportunity to get the app into the hands of pharmacies and PPMVs across the country to support their ongoing success, as well as the health and wellbeing of the nation”.

In 2023, Remedial Health sold more than 300 million individual packs of medicines to 7,500 hospitals, neighbourhood pharmacies and PPMVs across all 36 states of Nigeria.

Its customers also improved their profits by 30 per cent on average, with access to more than 8,000 vetted products at the same, or better than, open-air medicine market prices.

They can also access same-day delivery and leverage inventory financing to minimise cash-flow friction for routine orders and maximise sales opportunities.


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EnterpriseNGR Expands Financial Centres to Three African Countries

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EnterpriseNGR has signed a Memorandum of Understanding to set up the Africa Roundtable of Financial Centres – a chapter of the World Alliance of International Financial Centres, in Mauritius, Morocco and Rwanda.

The MoU, signed recently in Mauritius, brought together EnterpriseNGR, the Economic Development Board of Mauritius, Casablanca Finance City Authority, and Rwanda Finance Limited to foster collaboration, promote investment opportunities, and drive sustainable development within the financial centres of its member countries and Africa at large.ort the exchange of best practices between members, enhance visibility regionally

A statement from EnterpriseNGR said that it was joining forces with the three countries to specifically pursue five key objectives.

These objectives include “Jointly strengthen the competitiveness of financial centres in Africa. Collaborate through projects, research papers, communiques, and events to position the African Continent, demonstrate the myriad of investment opportunities, and showcase the role that financial centres play within the African Continent.

“Conduct joint initiatives to supp and internationally, and provide African financial centres with a unified voice regionally and internationally.

“Facilitate the development of dialogue with major financial centres outside the African Continent and build communication channels with African institutions, including regulators and policymakers, as well as African financial services industry associations, and advocate for regulatory coordination amongst members of the Africa Roundtable to promote cross-border investments and financial services.”

Commenting on this collaboration, the Chairperson of the Africa Roundtable, Mr Ken Poonoosamy, said, “The signing of the Memorandum of Understanding for the Africa Roundtable of the WAIFC represents a pivotal stride in fostering synergy among financial hubs within the African sphere, with the shared objective of catalysing economic advancement across the continent.”

Ms Obi Ibekwe, the Chief Executive Officer of EnterpriseNGR, represented by the Director of Policy & Public Affairs, Mr Lami Adekola, expressed her excitement over the development.

She said, “It is a historic achievement, and EnterpriseNGR fully endorses the Africa Roundtable of the WAIFC and is excited for the immense opportunities it represents for Nigeria and the African continent. Our collaboration with the four African countries promises to bolster financial competitiveness on the Continent and amplify Africa’s global presence.

We will leverage this Roundtable to unlock the full potential of African financial centres to drive prosperity and development for our nations and beyond.”

EnterpriseNGR became a member of WAIFC in 2023 during the WAIFC board meeting hosted by TheCityUK in London.

The MoU, which was signed recently in Mauritius, brought together EnterpriseNGR, the Economic Development Board of Mauritius, Casablanca Finance City Authority, and Rwanda Finance Limited, to foster collaboration, promote investment opportunities, and drive sustainable development within the financial centres of its member countries.

A statement from EnterpriseNGR said that it was joining forces with the three countries to pursue five key objectives.

According to the group, these objectives include “jointly strengthen the competitiveness of financial centres in Africa. Collaborate through projects, research papers, communiques, and events to position the African continent, demonstrate the myriad of investment opportunities, and showcase the role that financial centres play within the African continent”.

It added that it would enable it to “Conduct joint initiatives to support the exchange of best practices between members, enhance visibility regionally and internationally, and to provide African financial centres with a unified voice regionally and internationally.

Facilitate the development of dialogue with major financial centres outside the African Continent and build communication channels with African institutions, including regulators and policymakers, as well as African financial services industry associations, and advocate for regulatory coordination amongst members of the Africa Roundtable to promote cross-border investments and financial services”.

Commenting on the collaboration, the Chairperson of the Africa Roundtable, Mr Ken Poonoosamy, asserted, “The signing of the Memorandum of Understanding for the Africa Roundtable of the WAIFC represents a pivotal stride in fostering synergy among financial hubs within the African sphere, with the shared objective of catalysing economic advancement across the continent.”

Ms Obi Ibekwe, the Chief Executive Officer of EnterpriseNGR, represented by the Director of Policy & Public Affairs, Mr Lami Adekola, expressed her excitement over the development.

She stated, “It is a historic achievement, and EnterpriseNGR fully endorses the Africa Roundtable of the WAIFC and is excited for the immense opportunities it represents for Nigeria and the African continent.

“Our collaboration with the four African countries promises to bolster financial competitiveness on the Continent and amplify Africa’s global presence. We will leverage this Roundtable to unlock the full potential of African financial centres to drive prosperity and development for our nations and beyond.”


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