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Enabling Environment for Nigeria Content Development in the ICT Sector (1)
This is a word that has been misused to the detriment of overall development of indigenous content. Some years back when car and truck assembly plants were still functional in this country, the then national assembly tasked the plants on the need to improve on the input of local content of the vehicles. I remember clearly a particular company touting that they have achieved over 30% local content input. The company then went to list the items supplied locally as cables, car seats, car paints, etc. The company in a sense is right since they sourced those items locally. But the question that needs to be addressed is whether the components were indigenously manufactured in Nigeria? If the government buys a car assembled in Nigeria, can it rightly say it has bought an indigenously manufactured car?
So we must distinguish between local input (content) and indigenous input.
Content Development
This can be viewed as import substitution when some of the intermediate components that go into the manufacture of a product are now indigenously produced using local resources and technology. Let me clarify this. Most casings of laptop computers and mobile phones are made from the by-product of petrochemical refineries. Nigeria is a major crude oil producing and "refining" country, yet these components are still imported. If the downstream sector of the petroleum industry is developed casing and other similar component will produced indigenously.
Enabling Environment
There are many numerous definitions of the enabling environment and they range from all encompassing to narrow. For the purpose of this paper, I shall look at enabling environment as a set of interrelated conditions – such as legal, bureaucratic, fiscal, informational, political, and cultural – that impact on the capacity of investors to engage in investment processes in a sustained, effective and profitable manner.
Introduction:
We were made to understand that after World War II, products from Japan were ridiculed and denigrated by consumers for its presumed sub-standard quality. British made products were preferred. He said they use to derogatorily call it Japanese product: Fabrique au Japan. But today, Japanese products are very much in demand because it is believed to be of the highest quality. If in doubt, take a look through your window and count the number of Japanese cars out there; or do an audit of the household and consumer electronics in your house. If the Japanese government did not put in place favourable policies and create enabling environment that is favourable to investment, the country’s putative steps into manufacturing could have fizzled out.
The above scenario was recreated with Taiwanese, Korean and Singaporean made goods. Today, these countries are industrial powers, producing products that are competing favourably with, (and even surpassing in quality), products from North America and Europe. China, India, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, etc, are not far behind. The Asian Tigers are no longer coming; they are at our door steps!
Let’s move half a world away from the Asian Tigers. Nigeria’s Defence Industry Corporation, (DIC) was set up in the early 60s. I understand the Brazilian government following in the footsteps of Nigeria, set up her own equivalent 6 months after Nigeria. Today, the Brazilian own is indigenously manufacturing military hardware such as airplanes, warships, missiles, etc. In fact in the early 80s, many of us present here were eye witnesses to the berthing of Brazilian manufactured submarine at Marina when her Navy paid a visit to Nigeria. Compare this to the feat done by our own DIC. Last year it was announced that Nigerian DIC has started the assembling of AK47 rifles which they ingeniously named OBJ-007. Talk of comparing an airplane with bicycle!
Whither Nigeria? Where lies the problem?
The ICT industry is unique in that we are now in the Information Age with attendant dependence on the Internet for most transactions. Information Societies are emerging changing the ways business is conducted. Under this present scenario, the use of ICT product is pervasive affecting all sectors of a country. Anything that affects the ICT industry affects the entire human society. Any business that refuses to adapt becomes history. This being so, the manufacturers and producers of this business and productivity tool (ICT tool) need to be encouraged to make these tools available to the vast majority of the populace at affordable rate in order to empower the new e-work force. For MDG to be achieved, as many citizens as possible need to be empowered to function optimally in the new Information Society, if Nigeria is to achieve her desire of being among the top 20 economies in the world by the year 2020).
What factors impact Content Development?
From my experience, Nigeria is not an investor friendly country. What is prodding some of us on is the faith that things may get better; that generation unborn will be spared the anomaly that we have experienced; and finally to make a difference in this generation. Business practices in global markets are changing because of international competition and Nigeria has to key into it or risk remaining in the back waters of development. The Nigerian private sector, which consists of small, medium, and micro-sized enterprises (SMMEs) and the informal sector, is widely regarded as a potential engine of growth in the information economy. Government favourable policies will provide opportunities for competent ones to increase their markets and trading potential well beyond the Nigerian borders. This will in turn provide capital that will aid research into indigenous inputs and content development.
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IGP Confirms Prosecution of 113 Foreign Nationals for Alleged Cyber Crimes
Kayode Egbetokun, inspector general of Police (IGP), has confirmed that 113 foreign nationals are being prosecuted following their arrest by the Police National Cybercrime Center (NCCC) for their involvement in cybercrime activities.
The arrests were made on November 3, 2024, in Jahi, a suburb of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja.
The arrested suspects were found with a range of digital equipment believed to be used in their cybercriminal operations.
Items seized include a Black Toyota Tundra vehicle, multiple laptops, smartphones, tablets, desktops, routers from MTN, Huawei, Airtel, D-Link, and Starlink, gaming consoles such as a Sony PlayStation 5, as well as high-capacity servers, drones, and specialized cybercrime equipment. Also recovered were international passports, identity cards, SIM cards from various service providers, and travel documents.
“These assets are suspected to have been used for unauthorized data breaches, marketing scams, and other illegal activities within the cybercrime ecosystem,” the IGP stated.
He emphasized the growing global threat posed by cybercriminal syndicates that operate across borders, noting the scale and sophistication of the operation.
In a statement by ACP Muyiwa Adejobi, Force public relations officer, it was confirmed that the suspects have been arraigned before the Federal High Court in Abuja, facing charges such as computer-related fraud, unlawful data access, marketing scams, money laundering, conspiracy, and illegal immigration.
The IGP further commended the NCCC, as well as the Police operatives attached to Zone 7 Command, for their role in dismantling this international cybercrime ring, which is also linked to human trafficking networks.
He reaffirmed the Nigeria Police Force’s commitment to collaborating with international law enforcement agencies and embassies to track down cybercriminals and bring them to justice.
“We will continue to combat cybercrime and other forms of transnational criminal activity, ensuring that perpetrators are held accountable under Nigerian law,” Egbetokun added.
The operation marks a significant step in Nigeria’s ongoing efforts to safeguard its cyber space and prosecute those who expl
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ICPC Says 70 Percent of Nigerians Refused to Pay Bribes in 2023
Musa Aliyu, chairman, Independent Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences Commission (ICPC), has revealed that 70 percent of Nigerians approached for a bribe in 2023 refused to comply.
Aliyu made this statement on Monday during an ICPC roundtable with state attorneys-general in the north-west region, held in Kano, aimed at strengthening the commission’s capacity for corruption prevention.
The ICPC chairman noted that the ‘2023 corruption in Nigeria: Patterns and trends report by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) and United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) revealed significant bribery prevalence in the north-west region and trends across Nigeria.
“Bribery is most common in public utilities, law enforcement, and administrative services,” he said.
“However, despite these challenges, the positive news is that 70 percent of Nigerians approached for a bribe in 2023 refused to comply on at least one occasion.
“In the north-west, 76 percent of individuals who encountered bribery requests resisted—the highest refusal rate among Nigeria’s geopolitical zones, indicating growing resistance to bribery in the region.”
The ICPC chairman noted that the state and federal governments have shared responsibility in tackling corruption.
He stated that this collaboration provides an opportunity to ensure that systems are accountable and transparent.
“In this regard, I call on the attorneys-general of the north-west to collaborate closely with ICPC to fortify systems of accountability and transparency that serve the people,” he said.
“Under section 6 of the Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences Commission Act, ICPC is empowered to investigate and prosecute corruption across all sectors of public service, but your support and the local knowledge you bring are essential to making this effort more effective.”
He called for continuous encouragement of the people of the north-west to resist bribery demands.
“As chairman of the ICPC, I am committed to ensuring that the commission uses its law enforcement powers and preventive measures, which include enlisting and fostering public support in combating corruption in Nigeria within the confines of the law,” he said.
Aliyu added that pillar five of Nigeria’s national anti-corruption strategy (NACS II), collaboration and partnerships, remain a cornerstone of the fight against corruption.
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Nigeria Issues New $500m Eurobonds to Fund 2024 Budget Deficit
After a long wait all year, the Federal Republic of Nigeria has announced the launch of a dual-tranche Eurobond offering under its Global Medium Term Note Programme to finance the country’s 2024 fiscal deficit.
The two tranches of the Eurobond are, 6.5-year bond with a coupon rate of 10.125 percent and the second tranche is a 10-year bond with a coupon rate of 10.625 percent.
The last time Africa’s most populous nation tapped the international debt market was in March 2022, when it raised $1.25 billion at a rate of 8.375 percent through a seven-year Eurobond.
Eurobonds are dollar-denominated debt which is an important source of foreign capital used for development finance. This issuance can serve as a succour for the country’s volatile currency and uncertainties like silence from the fiscal side, poor reserves, low oil production others could cause damage to the credibility of the Nigerian economy.
The bonds are expected to settle on December 9, 2024.
The proceeds from the Eurobond will be used to fund critical infrastructure projects and support economic growth.
This Eurobond issuance marks another significant step in Nigeria’s efforts to diversify its funding sources and attract foreign investment.
Wale Edun, minister of finance had announced plans for the federal government to issue $1.7 billion Eurobond as part of an external borrowing plan to strengthen the country’s finances and support economic reforms last month.
He said, “The first objective is to complete the federal government’s external borrowing program with the approval of the $2.2 billion financing package, which will include access to the international capital market through a combination of Eurobonds and Sukuk bonds—approximately $1.7 billion from the Eurobond offer and $500 million from Sukuk financing.
He disclosed this to State House correspondents on Thursday after the federal executive council (FEC) meeting presided over by President Bola Tinubu at the Presidential Villa.
According to him, the financing package will be raised through a combination of Eurobonds and Sukuk bonds, with approximately $1.7 billion expected to come from the Eurobond offer and $500 million from Sukuk financing.
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