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eWaste: Africa Generates 1.7 kg/inh Least of Global- Study

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The global quantity of e-waste generation in 2014 was around 41.8 million tonnes according to United Nations University’s Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability study.

United Nations University (UNU) is an autonomous organ of the UN General Assembly dedicated to generating and transferring knowledge and strengthening capacities relevant to global issues of human security, development, and welfare.

The University operates through a worldwide network of research and training centres and programmes, coordinated by UNU Centre in Tokyo.

Co-authored by Kees balde, Feng wang, Jaco Huisman, Ruediger Kuehr, jennifer wong and representatives of United Nations University’s Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability, the study revealed that in 2014 shows that approximately and only 4 Billion people are covered by national legislations.

That’s approximately four out of every seven people; though legislation does not necessarily come together with enforcement and the lowest amount of e-waste per inhabitant of e-waste was generated in Africa, where only 1.7 kg/inh generated in 2014.

Total E-waste Per Category in 2014

The global quantity of e-waste in 2014 is comprised of 1.0 Mt lamps, 3.0 Mt of Small IT, 6.3 Mt of screens and monitors, 7.0 Mt of temperature exchange equipment (cooling and freezing equipment), 11.8 Mt large equipment, and 12.8 Mt of small equipment. The amount of e-waste is expected to grow to 49.8 Mt in 2018, with an annual growth rate of 4 to 5 per cent.

E-Waste Generation Per Category, Continent And Per Inhabitant

Most of the e-waste was generated in Asia: 16 Mt in 2014. This was 3.7 kg for each inhabitant. The highest per inhabitant e-waste quantity (15.6 kg/inh.) was generated in Europe.

The whole region (including Russia) generated 11.6 Mt. The lowest quantity of e-waste was generated in Oceania, and was 0.6 Mt. However, the per inhabitant amount was nearly as high as Europe’s (15.2 kg/inh.).

The lowest amount of e-waste per inhabitant was generated in Africa, where only 1.7 kg/inh. was generated in 2014. The whole continent generated 1.9 Mt of e-waste.

The Americas generated 11.7 Mt of e-waste (7.9 Mt for North America, 1.1 Mt for Central America, and 2.7 Mt for South America), which represented 12.2 kg/inh.

Specifically, available records indicate that an estimated 0.1 Mt of e-waste was imported into Nigeria in 2010 and another 0.1 Mt of second hand (repairable) equipment was imported into Nigeria in 2012).

In this scenario, e-waste is usually collected by self-employed peddlers, who usually buy e-waste from consumers, while imported equipment can be used in households, or sent straight to scrap-yards Imports of hazardous waste have to comply with the Basel Convention, as evident at Otiga and computer village in Lagos.

On Regional Details Of E-Waste Management, the study suggests that in Africa, the total e-waste generation was 1.9 Mt in 2014.

Meanwhile, only Cameroon and Nigeria have enforced national e-waste related legislation, while Ghana, Ethiopia and Kenya still have legislation pending approval.

The top three African countries with the highest e-waste generation in absolute quantities are Egypt (0.37 Mt), South Africa (0.35 Mt) and Nigeria (0.22 Mt).

The top three African countries with the highest e-waste generation in relative quantities are Equatorial Guinea (10.8 kg/inh.), Seychelles (10.9 kg/inh.) and Mauritius (9.3 kg/inh.).

In contrast with these relatively wealthy countries, the whole continent only generates 1.7 kg/inh. of e-waste domestically (excluding imports) annually.

The study reports that “Very few official government reports are available on e-waste management in Africa. On the continent, the e-waste challenge is on the political agenda the past couple of years, but there is generally a lack of e-waste management infrastructure, which is reflected by the absence of e-waste management laws.

“Africa, particularly the western Africa, becomes the dumping destination for e-waste from various regions of the world. This is because the East and Southern African regions have gradually put measures to prevent the dumping of e-waste, and it started to take effect. Illegal import of e-waste or used electronics from all over the world is a major source of e-waste in countries like Ghana and Nigeria.

“This is driven by the demand of inexpensive EEE and secondary materials, as well as cheap dumping prices compared to the treatment with stricter standards in the export countries. The recycling activities of e-waste in Africa are usually carried out on an informal basis, often involving open burning in unmonitored dumpsites or landfills”.

“This rudimentary recycling has caused substantial damage to the health of scavengers and local environment. If properly regulated and managed, recycling of e-waste can help to develop local economies and reduce poverty,” the study recommended.


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E-Business

South Korea Joins List of Countries Banning DeepSeek over Security Concerns

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South Korean authorities have temporarily blocked new downloads of the DeepSeek artificial intelligence (AI) app, citing concerns over the company’s handling of user data.

South Korea Joins List of Countries Banning DeepSeek over Security Concerns

The country’s Personal Information Protection Commission (PIPC) announced the decision on Monday, saying that the Chinese AI startup had failed to fully comply with South Korea’s data protection laws.

According to PIPC, DeepSeek recently appointed legal representatives in South Korea and admitted to partially neglecting regulatory considerations regarding user privacy.

“The Chinese startup appointed legal representatives last week in South Korea and had acknowledged partially neglecting considerations of the country’s data protection law,” the PIPC said.

The commission added that the app’s service would resume once the company implements improvements in accordance with national privacy laws.

According to Reuters, when asked about South Korea’s move, a spokesperson for China’s foreign ministry said the Chinese government prioritises data privacy and security, ensuring compliance with legal standards.

The spokesperson also said China does not require companies or individuals to collect or store data in violation of laws.

The ban follows similar actions by other governments.

On February 4, Australia prohibited the use of DeepSeek on government devices due to security concerns.

Italy’s privacy regulator recently blocked the AI service, citing the company’s failure to address data policy issues.

Taiwan has also warned about potential risks related to cross-border data transmission and information leaks.

Also, regulators in Ireland and France have launched investigations into DeepSeek’s data-handling practices.

DeepSeek gained global adoption for its advanced human-like reasoning capabilities and open-source model.

In January, it surpassed OpenAI’s Chatgpt as the most downloaded free app on the Apple store.

 

 


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AU Endorses Nigeria as AfCFTA Digital Trade Champion

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The African Union (AU) has officially designated Nigeria as the Digital Trade Champion under the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) Digital Trade Protocol, citing the country’s leadership in digital enterprise and innovation.

The endorsement came at the 38th Ordinary Session of the Assembly of Heads of State and Government, which concluded on Sunday in Addis Ababa.

Nigeria’s proactive role in advancing the digital trade protocol, adopted in February 2024, was a key factor in the decision.

The AfCFTA Digital Trade Protocol encompasses eight annexes covering crucial areas such as rules of origin, digital identities, cross-border data transfers, online safety, and financial technology. The protocol is expected to provide a robust framework for Africa’s digital economy.

According to a statement issued on Monday by Special Adviser to the President on Information and Strategy, Bayo Onanuga, former President of Niger Republic and AU AfCFTA Champion, Mahamadou Issoufou, praised Nigeria’s leadership, particularly for convening the Digital Economy Roundtable in January.

“No organization, region, or continent has negotiated or adopted such a comprehensive legal instrument on digital trade, positioning the African continent to benefit from the digital economy for innovation and job creation,” Issoufou said in his progress report to the AU Assembly.

He also highlighted Africa’s growing influence in digital innovation, particularly in mobile banking and financial technology, and noted that the protocol would create an enabling environment for young African entrepreneurs.

“The AfCFTA Protocol on Digital Trade will establish a conducive environment for these young people to fully participate in Africa’s digital economy,” Issoufou added.

Reflecting on the roundtable in Abuja, he commended President Bola Tinubu and his administration for facilitating discussions with key stakeholders.

“The Roundtable was attended by young pioneers in Fintech, mobile banking and other areas of the digital economy. It was evident from the discussions that young people are eager to take advantage of Africa’s digital economy through the AfCFTA Protocol on Digital Trade”, he said.

Speaking at the AU summit, Nigeria’s Minister of Industry, Trade and Investment, Dr. Jumoke Oduwole, described the AU’s endorsement as a milestone in Africa’s economic development.

“Africa has demonstrated global leadership by pioneering the first-of-its-kind AfCFTA Protocol on Digital Trade—establishing a comprehensive regulatory framework,” Dr. Oduwole stated.

She emphasized that the protocol is a “game changer” for the continent, predicting that it would generate millions of jobs, contribute billions to Africa’s GDP, and attract significant investments in digital infrastructure.

 


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Schmidt, Ex Google Chief Says AI Risky in Terrorist Hands

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Eric Schmidt, former Google CEO
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Eric Schmidt, former Google CEO has expressed concerns about the extreme risks posed by artificial intelligence (AI) falling into the hands of terrorists or rogue states.

Schmidt, Ex Google Chief Says AI Risky in Terrorist Hands

Eric Schmidt, former Google CEO

He warned that nations such as North Korea, Iran, and Russia could adopt AI technologies to develop weapons capable of causing significant harm, including biological weapons.

Schmidt urged governments to oversee private tech companies, emphasising, “The real fears I have are not the ones most people discuss about AI, I talk about extreme risk.”

“I’m always worried about an ‘Osama Bin Laden’ scenario, where truly evil individuals take control of some aspect of modern life to harm innocent people,” he added.

With private companies driving AI advancements, he stressed the need for careful government monitoring and regulation. “It’s really important that governments understand what we’re doing and keep their eye on us,” he said.

His remarks followed a two-day AI summit in Paris, where the UK and the U.S. declined to sign a communiqué outlining the future direction of AI. The declaration on “inclusive and sustainable artificial intelligence for people and the planet” was endorsed by 57 countries, including India, China, the Vatican, the EU, and the African Union Commission.

The UK justified its decision, stating that the agreement lacked “practical clarity” on global AI governance and national security concerns.

Schmidt supports U.S. export controls restricting the sale of advanced AI microchips to certain countries, aiming to slow adversaries’ progress in AI research.

He also highlights the importance of international collaboration on AI safety, suggesting that cooperation with nations like China is essential to addressing global AI challenges.

 

 


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