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IMF Tells Nigeria, Others to Devalue Currency, Hike Interest Rates

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Godwin Emefiele, CBN governor
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The International Monetary Fund (IMF)  has advised emerging economies including Nigeria to allow their currencies to depreciate in response to tighter funding conditions and an imminent policy tightening by the Federal Reserve Bank of the United States.

IMF Tells Nigeria, Others to Devalue Currency, Hike Interest Rates

The Washington-based lender also counselled the Central Bank of Nigeria and the apex banks of emerging economies to raise their benchmark interest rate in preparation for the Fed policy tightening.

The IMF disclosed this in a blogpost titled, ‘Emerging Economies Must Prepare for Fed Policy Tightening,’ on Monday.

According to the fund, while changes in the global economic outlook appear positive, especially in the United States, these changes are uncertain for emerging markets.

It noted that emerging markets with high public and private debts, foreign exchange exposures, and lower current-account balances had been seeing larger movements of their currencies relative to the US dollar in recent months.

As a result, the IMF said the combination of slower growth and elevated vulnerabilities could create adverse feedback loops for the emerging economies.

It said, “Some emerging markets have already started to adjust monetary policy and are preparing to scale back fiscal support to address rising debt and inflation.

“In response to tighter funding conditions, emerging markets should tailor their response based on their circumstances and vulnerabilities. Those with policy credibility on containing inflation can tighten monetary policy more gradually, while others with stronger inflation pressures or weaker institutions must act swiftly and comprehensively.

“In either case, responses should include letting currencies depreciate and raising benchmark interest rates. If faced with disorderly conditions in foreign exchange markets, central banks with sufficient reserves can intervene provided this intervention does not substitute for warranted macroeconomic adjustment.

“Nevertheless, such actions can pose difficult choices for emerging markets as they trade off supporting a weak domestic economy with safeguarding price and external stability. Similarly, extending support to businesses beyond existing measures may increase credit risks and weaken the longer-term health of financial institutions by delaying the recognition of losses. And rolling back those measures could further tighten financial conditions, weakening the recovery.”

The IMF said that to manage the tradeoffs, emerging economies must take steps to strengthen policy frameworks and reduce vulnerabilities now.

It added that central banks needed to be clear and consistent in communicating its tightening measures to contain inflation pressures in order to enhance the public’s understanding of the need to pursue price stability.

According to it, countries with high levels of debt denominated in foreign currencies must try to reduce it and hedge its exposures where feasible, and while reducing rollover risks, the maturity of obligations should be extended even if it increases costs.

The IMF said heavily indebted countries might need to start fiscal adjustment sooner and faster.

It added that emerging economies were currently battling elevated inflation rates, and high public debt profiles.

It said, “Beyond these immediate measures, fiscal policy can help build resilience to shocks. Setting a credible commitment to a medium-term fiscal strategy would help boost investor confidence and regain room for fiscal support in a downturn.

“Such a strategy could include announcing a comprehensive plan to gradually increase tax revenues, improve spending efficiency, or implement structural fiscal reforms such as pension and subsidy overhauls.”

The Washington-based lender said the average gross government debt in emerging markets was up by almost 10 per cent since 2019, reaching an estimated 64 per cent of Gross Domestic Product by the end of 2021, with large variations across countries.

 

 

FDI into Telecoms Sector Plummet by 70 Per Cent

 

Foreign capital flows into the Nigerian telecommunications sector shrank by 70.5 per cent to $107.46m in nine months last year, compared to the same period of 2020.

Data obtained from the National Bureau of Statistics’(NBS) reports on capital importation showed that the foreign capital inflows stood at $364.3m from January to September 2020.

According to the NBS, capital importation data is obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria and is inclusive of imported physical capital, such as equipment, and financial capital importation.

It added that capital importation is divided into three main investment categories: foreign direct investment, portfolio investment, and other investments.

Capital importation into the telecoms sector fell from $157.48m in first quarter of 2020 to $105.64m in Q2 and $101.18m in Q3.

In Q1 2021, foreign capital flows into the sector plunged from $56.28m in Q1 2021 to $0.34m in Q2 but rose to $50.84m in Q3.

Isa Pantami,inister of Communications and Digital Economy recently described the Information Communication Technology sector as an important catalyst for the diversification and growth of the economy, according to Punch

Going by recent developments in the sector, capital inflow is expected to increase as investments are directed towards increasing broadband penetration in the country.

MTN recently committed to invest N640bn (about $1.5bn) over the next three years to expand broadband access in Nigeria.

The Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) auctioned in December two of its available lots of 100 MHz TDD slots of 3.5 GHz band for the deployment of fifth-generation network for $547m.

According to the Global System for Mobile Communications Association, $500m and 6000 base stations will be needed for 5G rollout in 10 cities in Nigeria, driving the inflow of capital into the sector.

A source in the Association of Licensed Telecommunication Operators of Nigeria (ALTON) blamed the fall in capital inflows on the scarcity of foreign exchange, and government policy.

The source said, “Lack of forex has impacted on how we can import equipment into the country. This has reduced investments too. There is also the issue of end-user certificate. Because for us to import some equipment into the country, we need the certification of the security agencies, especially the National Security Adviser’s office.


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E-Financial

UBA Announces Successful Completion of System Upgrade

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United Bank for Africa (UBA) has successfully completed its much-anticipated system upgrade, restoring all banking services to normalcy.

UBA Announces Successful Completion of System Upgrade

In a message to customers, UBA reassured customers that they could now log in to the mobile app and enjoy a smoother, more efficient banking experience.

The bank acknowledged any inconvenience caused by the process and reaffirmed its commitment to providing top-tier financial services.

“We are pleased to inform you that our mobile app upgrade has been completed, and all services have been fully restored. You can now log in and enjoy a smoother banking experience and improved services,” UBA announced.

While the upgrade promises enhanced functionality and reliability, UBA urged customers experiencing any lingering issues to reach out to its 24-hour Customer Fulfilment Centre via 02012808822 or email [email protected] for prompt assistance.

With the completion of the process, UBA reassured its customers of its dedication to innovation and excellence in banking.

 


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SERAP Gives CBN 48-Hour Ultimatum to Withdraw ATM Fee Hike

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Socio-Economic Rights and Accountability Project (SERAP) has called on the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) to immediately revoke its recent increase in Automated Teller Machine (ATM) transaction fees, describing the move as “Patently unlawful, unfair, unreasonable, and unjust.”

SERAP Gives CBN 48-Hour Ultimatum to Withdraw ATM Fee Hike

In an open letter addressed to Olayemi Cardoso, governor, CBN, and dated February 15, 2025, SERAP warned that the fee hike would worsen economic hardship for millions of Nigerians, particularly those at the lower end of the financial spectrum.

The rights group gave the apex bank a 48-hour deadline to reverse the policy or face legal action.

The CBN’s new directive mandated that ATM withdrawals at off-site locations, such as shopping malls, airports, and standalone cash points, will attract an N100 charge per N20,000 withdrawal.

Additionally, a surcharge of up to N500 may apply for transactions conducted at certain locations. The new fees are set to take effect from March 1, 2025.

In its letter, signed by Kolawole Oluwadare, deputy director, SRERAP criticized the policy, arguing that it would disproportionately affect struggling Nigerians while benefiting commercial banks.

“The manifestly unfair increase in ATM transaction fees will hit hardest those at the bottom of the economy and exacerbate the growing poverty in the country,” SERAP stated.

The organization further argued that financial institutions should bear the cost of banking operations, rather than shifting the burden onto customers, particularly those with limited financial means.

SERAP accused the CBN of prioritizing the interests of banks over the welfare of ordinary Nigerians, many of whom already struggle with the high cost of living.

The group pointed out that banks continue to report record-breaking profits while imposing excessive charges on customers.

“CBN policies should not be skewed against poor Nigerians and heavily in favour of banks that continue to declare trillions of naira in profits, mostly at the expense of their customers.

“The increase in ATM transaction fees will inflict misery on Nigerians and contribute to human rights abuses,” the letter read.

SERAP also noted that the policy contradicts President Bola Tinubu’s commitment to tackling poverty in Nigeria.

The rights group argued that the CBN’s action violates multiple legal provisions, including the Nigerian Constitution, the CBN Act, and the Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Act.

SERAP highlighted specific sections of these laws that prohibit unfair business practices and protect consumers from exploitative charges.

According to SERAP, the increase in ATM fees discriminates against low-income Nigerians who may struggle to afford the higher fees, creates a two-tiered financial system that favours the wealthy, contradicts the CBN’s stated mission to promote national economic well-being, and violates international human rights obligations under the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights,

“The CBN has responsibilities under the UNGPs to take effective steps to avoid or mitigate potential human rights harm and to consider ending any charges or transaction fees where severe negative human rights consequences cannot be avoided or mitigated,” SERAP asserted.

“We would be grateful if the recommended measures are taken within 48 hours of the receipt and/or publication of this letter.

“If we have not heard from you by then, SERAP shall take all appropriate legal actions to compel you and the CBN to comply with our request in the public interest,” the letter warned.

 

 

 


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FG Seeks Fresh $300m Loan from World Bank for Health Security

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Federal government has engaged the World Bank for a fresh $300m loan to strengthen Nigeria’s health security infrastructure.

FG Seeks Fresh $300m loan from World Bank for Health Security

Information obtained from the World Bank showed that the loan, which is under consideration, will be implemented by the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) with the Federal Ministry of Finance acting as borrower on behalf of the Federal Government.

According to information on the World Bank website, the loan project is expected to “increase regional collaboration and health system capacities to prevent, detect, and respond to health emergencies in the Federal Republic of Nigeria.”

The project is currently in the pipeline stage, with the disclosure date scheduled for February 6, 2025.

The World Bank board is expected to give its approval on July 30, 2025, following necessary assessments. The appraisal is set for April 14, 2025, and implementation will commence in the 2026 fiscal year.

According to a document on the concept of environmental and social review, the Nigeria Health Security Programme aligns with broader government efforts to enhance disease surveillance, diagnostic capabilities, emergency response, and laboratory networks across the 36 states and the Federal Capital Territory.

The programme’s primary objective is to enhance regional collaboration and strengthen Nigeria’s health systems to deal with emergencies. It falls within the World Bank’s investment in health, nutrition, and population sectors across Western and Central Africa.

According to the Environmental and Social Review Summary of the project, HeSP will expand molecular laboratory capacity, upgrade primary healthcare centres, establish emergency operation centres, and construct warehouses.

It will also deploy mobile laboratories and install water, sanitation, and hygiene facilities alongside solar energy systems to support health infrastructure improvements.

Although the total project cost is yet to be determined, the World Bank has committed $300m to the initiative. The funds aim to bolster Nigeria’s pandemic preparedness and improve response mechanisms for public health threats.

The initiative comes as Nigeria strengthens its public health infrastructure following lessons from previous outbreaks, including COVID-19.

If approved, the loan will support the NCDC in improving disease surveillance, diagnostics, emergency response, and laboratory services.

Nigeria has previously secured funding from international financial institutions to boost healthcare resilience, including financing for vaccine procurement, emergency medical services, and infrastructure development.

However, the project, categorised as a high-priority public health intervention, carries substantial environmental and social risks due to potential health, safety, and ecological concerns associated with infrastructure expansion.

Identified risks include increased medical waste, occupational hazards, and heightened energy and water demands.

Social risks range from potential grievances from stakeholders to concerns over land acquisition and implementing health interventions in conflict-prone areas.

 


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