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Mobile Specific Taxes Hinders Connectivity-Solomon

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Gabriel Solomon is senior vice president, The GSMA which represents 750 mobile operators in more 220 countries in Africa, Asia, America and Europe. Solomon builds, leads and develops the GSMA’s public policy agenda and thought leadership programme to ensure that the Association plays an influential role in shaping the global regulatory agenda. He is responsible for raising the GSMA’s profile internationally through effective communications and relationship development with a large number of key audiences. Solomon spoke to hilary okeke.

Mobile Broadband in Africa

The GSMA is promoting HSPA as the pivot for penetration of mobile broadband. If you look across sub-Saharan Africa, broadband penetration is very low and for mobile, HSPA technology will benefit from global economies of scale – total cost of ownership will be much lower than any alternative technology, which is why I think in Africa, you need HSPA to drive access to mobile broadband. It will stimulate an accelerated growth in mobile broadband and prices will be coming down, strictly for handsets and dongles over the next few years, making it more affordable for millions of Africans. With HSPA, you will see a base station capable of having 84MB. That, to your laptops or handsets is huge. Do you need another technology? No. The total cost of owning an HSPA device – whether it is a phone or a dongle on a laptop or embedded on a laptop will come down massively. We are expecting a billion HSPA subscribers by 2012. The price of handsets for GSM users will come down as low as $30. From Qualcomm’s presentation, a low-end HSPA handset is now $53. This is an affordable technology for the mass market.

Mobile Broadband Internet Centres in Nigeria

We are holding talks with operators in Africa such as Vodacom, MTN. We are very open to working in Nigeria on certain projects but at the moment, there is nothing on ground. You know, things move quickly and we are still considering the projects here having spoken with the operators.

Connecting the Unconnected

Well, it depends on the context in which you are speaking. For example in Nigeria, the licences only came in some seven years ago. Now typically, there is an international average – you look at the average market, it takes 10 years to get 90-95per cent of the population connected. Look at what is happening in Africa, there is a massive amount of investment and this is driving coverage in rural areas. I think about 10 African countries have covered above 90per cent of their total populations and that is going to increase tremendously over the next few years. What we are seeing is a massive connection of rural communities, for example, the village phone concept in which MTN Uganda has connected about 500 unconnected people. So long it is the rural area, connection there includes other basic services and in that way, people are getting leverage in ICT, leverage in mobile network. It is true that there is a dearth of connectivity in the rural areas right now and that is regrettable.

Operators, GSMA Going Green

The GSMA development fund has a programme called ‘Green Power for Mobile.’ It is targeted at re-capitalizing the market; provide scale so that green installations become more affordable because for operators, that is the way out. At the moment, many of the green installations are quite capital intensive. Already we have seen green initiatives happening where solar and wind are used to generate power and operators are investing in these installations.

GSMA and Green Projects

The fund really is used in partnership with equipment vendors – solar panel providers, wind turbine providers. Being a new alternative means to generating power, most of our members are looking at it. If it is affordable and makes business sense and not too capital intensive, they will go for it but it has to be reliable and also has to make sense financially. And that is where the fund is trying to have an impact, to lower the prices of the solution and ensure that they operate at typically grade specifications that operators demand. When power is out, the network can be interrupted, calls drop and no one is happy.

Removal of Mobile Specific Taxes and Rural Connectivity

Obviously, people in the rural areas are poorer than those in the cities and affordability is a critical factor. When you impose specific taxes on handsets or airtime, it increases the price and makes services less affordable. It makes it harder for people in the rural areas to connect. Effectively, what these taxes do is constrain the market size, making products and services affordable by only a few people. We are not saying remove Mobile and Mobile services taxes; we are saying treat it like a normal good, not like diamond or caviar.

GSMA Projects for Africa

We are doing a lot in East Africa – in refugee camps. We are connecting refugee camps in Uganda and Rwanda with MTN and Zain’s ‘one network.’ We have leveraged on those to provide connectivity for places you could not imagine possible. There are lots of activities going on there.

Highlights of Abuja CTO

Well, the last time I came here, probably six months ago, I had a lot of calls dropping from my network but this time, I have not had a drop call yet and I am very impressed. So, I think the quality of service issues should be addressed here in Nigeria and I think the operators due to their investments are committed to building capacity and extend their network. I am very happy to see that because it is really happening; and also the roll out of Mobile broadband again, being able to connect my laptop through HSPA – it is all becoming fantastic!

African Regulatory Bodies and Growth of Telecom

I think the regulatory bodies are doing a very good job and what our members need is consistency and transparency and when you have that; when you have a regulator and a government that do not seek to get windfall from the industry now but seems to partner the industry for the long term, that is when you see fantastic results. That is why our members invest as much as their potential. When you see inconsistent regulation, when you see government demanding windfalls from the industry, say from licences; that is when you see constraints in investment; that is when the potentials to invest plummet. We did the research and saw how regulatory inconsistencies can reduce investment by 25% in sub-Saharan Africa and as you probably know, our members have committed to investing $50 billion in Africa for the next 5 years. This is the amount for GSM alone. You will also have investments for CDMA and probably fixed lines. What is going to be very important in underpinning the mobile broadband age in Africa, I think is open access on the sea cable linking Africa to the rest of the world, providing an umbilical cord to the global economy. Those are critical. A cable from West Africa to the rest of the world, I think has a lot of commercial potentials and can deliver a lot of values. So, guaranteeing regulatory consistency means that we might actually increase that investment by $12.5 billion, amounting to $62.5 billion.

Challenges to Growth of Telecoms in Africa

A lot of the challenges have to do with the infrastructure – you talk about getting network to rural areas, there are no roads, there is no electricity, there are no distribution points. For example, if our members in Europe want to connect someone in a very rural area, they have the capacity to do so – electricity, roads to carry out maintenance and other cost effective factors powered by infrastructure. That is not the case in Africa. I believe there is a strong argument for the telecom sector to work in conjunction with other infrastructures in the area – power, roads, railways – and leverage on those. I think also in Africa, electricity is maintained by the state; there is the need to liberalize this sector. I know certainly that in some countries, Mobile operators invest in generators and then provide electricity. They are effectively doing the job of the electricity company. For the investment in Mobile broadband, they are going to need 6 transmission pipes for fibre to effectively carry all these data and doing that in an affordable and efficient manner means you have to look across the industry to see where you can effect a change.

Competition Between GSM and CDMA in African

I think there has been competition particularly as fixed lines have used CDMA at the 450 level, which is quite a good spectrum for them. But the fixed line operators are suffering greatly. In Kenya, they have the CDMA network but they have had to now have a GSM network. Across the world, we are seeing CDMA operators replacing their network with GSM. I think the CDMA market share would decline significantly over the next few years while Mobile broadband would take up that share.

Mobile broadband

One of the issues is about affordability which is the bottom-line particularly in Africa. I think that the great demand for broadband needs the services delivered in an affordable way. How do you do that? How do you issue the licence? How much does the government want to licence the operators for these technologies? In Tanzania and South Africa, operators have been given long term licences and they have not been charged a premium for Mobile broadband services. The NCC would play a critical role in ensuring that there is enough spectrum here for Mobile broadband.

 


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Baobab Partners with NYSC to Promote Financial Literacy Amongst Corp Members

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Jollof+, a product of Baobab Nigeria, one of the finest leading financial services dedicated to supporting the financially excluded and unbanked communities in Nigeria has partnered with the National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) to promote financial literacy and increase awareness of its financial services among corps members nationwide.

This initiative, implemented in NYSC camps in Lagos, Sagamu, Abuja, Keffi, and Uyo seeks to educate young Nigerians on the importance of saving and financial literacy.

Through this partnership, Jollof+ sponsored Mr Macho and Miss NYSC events at Ogun state camp, where winners were awarded amazing items and also provided with valuable insights into how they can use the Jollof+ app to save smarter and manage their money more effectively.

Commenting on the partnership, Joy Micheal-Oti, Business Development Manager, Baobab Nigeria, said: “We believe that financial literacy is the key to financial independence, and it is something every young Nigerian should know.

“Our partnership with NYSC is our way of investing in the future of Nigeria by helping corps members understand how to save, invest, and secure their financial future with Jollof+. These are the leaders of tomorrow, and we want to ensure they are well-prepared for the future ahead of them.

In addition to promoting financial literacy, the partnership also aims to build brand awareness for Jollof+, a fast-growing digital savings platform designed to simplify how Nigerians manage their money. Corps members were introduced to the key features of Jollof+, including its high-interest savings options like Jolloflock, Ajo+, and Babybox, which are designed to cater to various savings goals.

On their part, the State Coordinator NYSC Ogun State, Mrs Nasamu Olayinka Diana said, “We are excited about the partnership with Jollof+ as it aligns with our youth development initiative, where we equip corp members for the future ahead.

When you invest in the youths, you have not wasted anything, they are indeed the best place to invest in. Thank you Jollof+ for this partnership, it will indeed have a great impact on our corp members.

With Nigeria facing rising inflation and economic uncertainty, financial literacy has never been more important. Young Nigerians, particularly corps members, are entering the workforce and facing financial challenges that require them to be financially savvy.

Jollof+ plans to continue expanding its reach to more NYSC camps across the country in the coming months, ensuring that even more young Nigerians are introduced to Jollof+ and the importance of financial literacy


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d.light Named as a Finalist for Prince William’s 2024 Earthshot Prize

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d.light, the global provider of transformational household solar products and affordable finance for low-income households, was today announced as an Earthshot Prize Finalist at the third-annual Earthshot Innovation Summit.

Founded by Prince William in 2020, The Earthshot Prize is the world’s most prestigious environmental prize designed to discover, spotlight and scale the groundbreaking solutions we need to repair and regenerate our planet.

The five eventual winners will be crowned at The Earthshot Prize Awards Ceremony in Cape Town, South Africa in early November, with each receiving £1 million in prize money to support efforts to expand the reach of their transformational products and services. This year’s shortlist was selected from a pool of close to 2,500 organisations across 139 countries.

d.light is named alongside an inspiring group of global innovators, entrepreneurs, community leaders and advocates pioneering solutions to our most pressing climate and environmental challenges.

Finalists also earn a place on the Earthshot Fellowship Programme, receiving dedicated mentorship, resources, and technical support, including access to The Prize’s Global Alliance of Partners, a robust network of the world’s largest businesses, donors, investors and environmental organisations committed to climate action.

Commenting on the news, d.light CEO Nedjip Tozun said: “We’re truly honoured to be named as a finalist for such a prestigious award, and recognition from the Earthshot Prize committee is a reflection of d.light’s efforts to support underserved communities by providing access to safe, affordable off-grid solar solutions.

“2024 has been a landmark year so far for d.light and it’s exciting to see that our impact has extended beyond the solar industry to the wider sustainability community.

“Pivotal moments have included raising USD$176 million in securitized financing in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania, launching our customer loyalty programme and installing solar in over 1.7 million off-grid households across Africa.

“d.light is the first company in the off-grid energy sector to be nominated for the Earthshot Prize, outlining our credentials as a pioneer in this space.

Since the company was founded in 2007, we’ve developed unique and innovative ways to manufacture, distribute and finance solar projects in the developing world, allowing us to transform the lives of over 175 million people in the process.

“To be named as a finalist helps us amplify our core message that so many still live without access to a safe source of electricity, while supporting our efforts to spearhead the rollout of reliable solar solutions,” Tozun concluded.

“With this milestone, d.light moves one step closer to achieving our wider aim of transforming the lives of one billion people by 2030 by giving them access to safe, clean, affordable renewable energy.”


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Report Finds 30% More Young Gamers Targeted by Cybercriminals in H1 2024 vs. H2 2023

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The number of unique users targeted by cybercriminals using popular children’s games as a lure surged by 30% in the first six months of 2024 compared to H2 2023, according to Kaspersky experts.

 

Researchers analysed gaming risks for young players and discovered that more than 132,000 users had been targeted by cybercriminals. More details can be found in the latest Kaspersky report on cybercrimes targeting young gamers.

The most exploited children’s games

Kaspersky looked into the threats disguised as popular kids’ video games and analysed the period from July 1, 2023, to June 30, 2024.

Throughout the reported period, Kaspersky security solutions detected more than 6.6 million attempted attacks, where cybercriminals used the brands of the kids’ games as a lure.

Out of the 18 games chosen for this research, the majority of attacks were related to Minecraft, Roblox, and Among Us. According to Kaspersky’s statistics, more than 3 million attempted attacks under the guise of Minecraft were launched throughout the reported period.

Most likely, cybercriminals chose this method of attack based on the popularity of games among players, as well as the ability of gamers to use cheats and mods. Since the majority of mods and cheats are distributed on third-party websites, attackers disguise malware by posing as these applications.

Kaspersky experts believe that the higher success rates detected in 2024 can be explained by the trends observed in the recent developments of the general cyberthreat landscape.

On the one hand, following popular trends, cybercriminals launch more cunning attacks, exploiting the current agenda and crafting less obvious schemes, instead of using generic attacks.

On the other hand, cybercriminals are increasingly using AI to automate and personalise phishing attacks that are more likely to deceive young gamers. At the same time, new advanced phishing kits — pre-made templates of phishing pages — created with automated tools consistently appear on the dark web, allowing an increasing number of attackers to deploy highly effective phishing sites that mimic popular gaming platforms.

Scams on children’s favourite games

One of the most common scams in gaming is the offer to receive new skins for your character — essentially clothing or armor — that enhance the hero’s skills. Some skins are common, while others are extremely rare and, therefore, more desirable.

Kaspersky experts have found an example of a scam that uses both the name of popular game Valorant and that of the world-famous YouTuber Mr. Beast. By selecting this blogger and using his photo, the fraudsters aim to capture children’s attention and hook them into their fraudulent scam.

To receive the desired Mr. Beast skin, young users are asked to enter their login and password for their gaming account, enabling their credentials to be potentially stolen by scammers as a result.

Another popular trap is the offer of receiving in-game currency. In one of the discovered scams exploiting the Pokémon GO brand, users are asked to enter the username for their gaming account. Next, they’re asked to take a survey to prove they’re not a bot.

Once the survey is complete, they are redirected to a fake website, usually one promising free prizes or giveaways. This is where the real scam kicks in.

The scammers aren’t actually after personal data like credit card details; they’re using the guise of gaming to lure users into another hoax — one involving fake downloads, prize claims, or other deceptive offers.

The whole process is a clever way to redirect users to a different, more dangerous scam under the pretense of a legitimate verification step.

“Throughout our research, we see attacks on children are becoming a common vector of cybercriminals’ activities. That’s why cyber hygiene education and the use of trusted cybersecurity solutions are a ’must-have’ in building children’s safety in the online environment.

By fostering their critical thinking, responsible online behaviour, and a strong understanding of the risks, we can create a safer and more positive online experience for this generation of digital natives,” comments Vasily Kolesnikov, security expert at Kaspersky.

 


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