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Revealed! Why Young Men Join Boko Haram

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The United States of America’s Institute of Peace has identified religious ignorance, grinding poverty, unemployment and illiteracy as reasons why Boko Haram has continued to be successful in recruiting young men into its ranks of deadly foot soldiers and potential suicide bombers.

According to Freedom Onuoha,  author of the special report, ‘Why Do Youth Join Boko Haram’, the ongoing insurgency was “a national, regional and international concern”.

In the 12-page report published in June, Onuoha, who is the Head of the Department of Conflict, Peacekeeping and Humanitarian Studies at the Centre for Strategic Research and Studies of Nigeria’s National Defence College in Abuja, stated that the terrorist group had been able to recruit young men because of the little or lack of basic knowledge of what the Qur’an teaches.

In the report, Onuoha said, “The reasons a young boy agrees to spy on police may be completely different to the reasons other members abduct two hundred schoolgirls. The boy who carries out a suicide bombing at a police station certainly has different motivations to the one who makes a little money helping the organisation out.”

Touching on the role religion plays their recruitment as Boko Haram members he said, “Ignorance of religious teaching opposed to violence makes youth more vulnerable and susceptible to recruitment. In all the states surveyed, there is unanimity that initial ignorance of religious teaching is the leading factor influencing the adoption of extreme religious views, especially among youth.

“The lack of deep knowledge of true religious teaching is partly related to three observable dangerous trends in the recent practice of religion in Nigeria: the proliferation of sects in both Islam and Christianity, the proliferation of independent preachers in both religions, and the increasing reliance on preachers rather than on the holy books themselves.”

According to the author of the commissioned report, young people are very vulnerable to recruitment and radicalisation by independent and roaming preachers, extremist groups, and religious ideologues, who often distort religious injunctions.

In a survey quoted in the report, 93.2 per cent of respondents in Borno state were of the view that ignorance of the full teaching of their religion influenced young people’s adoption of extreme religious views.

 In Kano and Sokoto states, 90 per cent and 82 per cent of respondents, respectively, believed that ignorance of the full teaching of their religions is a factor that influences the adoption of extreme religious views by young people in the community.

Kashim Shettima, governor of Borno State, also gave credence to this observation when he said recently that “distorted translation of the Holy Book by the insurgents landed us in this mess. If we have had good understanding of Islam, we would have been in a better place.

“There is no room for extremism in Islam. We need to go back to Islam as practised by Prophet Muhammad, when Islam encouraged Muslims, Jews, and Christians to live in peace with one another.”

In some cases, the report said, some roaming preachers claiming to be Islamic scholars deceived impressionable youths who were radicalised in the training camps of the terrorist groups through distorted interpretation of the Qur’an.

In addition to religious ignorance, the report identified unemployment and poverty as making northern young men vulnerable to radicalisation.

The report said, “Figures from Nigeria’s National Bureau of Statistics show that the country’s unemployment rate in 2006 averaged 14.60 per cent until 2011, when it reached an all-time high of 23.90 per cent.

“NBS figures released in early 2013 revealed that, despite favourable economic growth and performance, Nigeria’s poverty rate jumped from 54.7 percent in 2004 to 60.9 percent in 2010. In 2011, 100 million Nigerians lived in absolute poverty and 12.6 million more were moderately poor. The worst hit by these afflictions are young people, especially in northern Nigeria.”

It added that incidence of unemployment in Borno and Kaduna states were high.

The report further noted that: “In Borno and Kaduna states, survey respondents identified the high incidence of unemployment and poverty that prevail in the state as the second most important reason why youth engage in religious-based violence.

“In Kaduna state, 83 percent of respondents reported that unemployment and poverty are important factors. In Kano, 92 percent cited them as important.

“This is not to argue that unemployment and poverty are direct causes of youth radicalisation; rather, privation and other frustrating conditions of life render youth highly vulnerable to manipulation by extremist ideologues.”


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Asein, DG NCC Seeks IP Policy for Every University

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Dr. John O. Asein, the Director-General, Nigerian Copyright Commission (NCC) has again stressed the need for every University to have an Intellectual Property (IP) Policy so as to maximize their innovative and creative potentials.

Dr. Asein made this point while formally presenting the revised Model Intellectual Property (IP) Policy to the General Assembly of the Committee of Vice Chancellors of Nigerian Universities (CVCNU) in Abuja on 30th October 2024.

According to him, the Model Policy, which was developed by the Commission in collaboration with the CVCNU in 2021 was reissued as part of the Commission’s renewed effort to promote its adoption and implementation.

The Director-General thanked the immediate past Secretary General of CVCNU Prof. Yakubu Ochefu for supporting the initiative and working with the Commission to promote the sustainable use and effective management of IP in Nigerian universities.

Dr. Asein also called on tertiary institutions, as centres of learning and research, to introduce their faculties and students to the subject of intellectual property in line with global trends and to make Nigerian universities globally competitive.

To this end he assured Vice-Chancellors of the Commission’s readiness to help in the development and implementation of their policy.

“The Commission will work with other agencies, including the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) to begin the intellectual property ranking of universities and celebrate those that excel in the respect, generation, use and commercilaisation of IP”, the Director-General assured.

Speaking on the WIPO Distance Learning (DL) courses on IP, the Director-General urged universities to infuse the WIPO DL 101 course, which is available online for free, into the General Studies course to give students basic knowledge of IP and equip them in their respective courses of study.

Receiving the copies on behalf of Nigerian Vice-Chcnellors, the Chairman CVCNU, Prof. Lilian Salami (Vice-Chancellor, University of Benin) commended the collaborative efforts of the Commission and AVCNU in developing the Model IP Policy and assured the Director-General of CVCNU’s continued commitment to working with the Commission, particularly in promoting better IP culture in universities.

The Model IP Policy was developed with the help of a team of Nigerian experts and with the support of the Nigerian University Commission (NUC), the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) and the National Office of Technology Acquisition and Promotion (NOTAP).


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Court Orders Arrest of Echefu, Businessman over Alleged $651,280 Fraud

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A Chief Magistrate Court sitting in Bwari area council, Abuja has ordered the arrest of Dr Bright Echefu, chief executive of Briech Intelligence Fusion Limited, a security company, over an allegation of $651, 280 fraud.

Court Orders Arrest of Echefu, Businessman over Alleged $651,280 Fraud

Echefu is said to have allegedly defrauded BCG NEEDS Company of the said amount under the pretence of supplying drones and accessories.

The court ordered Disu Olatunji, commissioner of Police, federal capital territory (FCT) to arrest Echefu and his company.

Echefu is also the managing director and chief executive officer of Telecom Satellite Television, according to Leadership Newspaper.

The Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) had earlier arraigned the businessman at the federal high court over allegations of tax evasion, money laundering, and advanced fee fraud.

Okechikwu John Akweke, presiding judge, ordered Echefu’s arrest after the motion was moved by John Paul Eze Esq. of O. J. Law Consult.

Akweke said the order is to compel Echefu and his company appearances before the court in line with Section 113 of the Administration of Criminal Justice Act 2015.


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NACCIMA Warns Against Arbitrary Taxation on Businesses

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The Nigerian Association of Chambers of Commerce, Industry, Mines, and Agriculture has expressed concerns over the long-term implications of arbitrary taxation on businesses and the nation’s economy.

Dele Oye, President, NACCIMA, speaking at the 45th Trade Fair hosted by the Kano Chamber of Commerce, Industry, Mines, and Agriculture,  emphasised that high taxes hinder innovation, stifle investment, and pose a threat to the sustainability of enterprises.

He said, “As Margaret Thatcher warned, we should be wary of high taxes. High taxation restricts the power of the people while giving more authority to the government.

As we strive for economic prosperity, I must also draw attention to the issue of arbitrary taxation. I urge all levels of government in Nigeria, especially state and local governments, to consider the long-term implications of high taxation on businesses.

“High tax burdens can stifle innovation, deter investment, and threaten enterprises critical to our economic growth. Let us work collaboratively to create a business-friendly environment that encourages entrepreneurship and fosters economic development.”

Meanwhile, called for a review of sections of the 2024 Tax Bill, citing provisions that negatively impact businesses, particularly those operating within free trade zones, and therefore urged the Federal Government to adopt a more collaborative and long-term approach to taxation policies so as not to destabilize critical sectors of the economy.

While speaking on free trade zones, Oye appealed to the President to consider advice from the genuine private sector and organised private sector in Nigeria, urging to always hold stakeholder forums before implementing major economic policies.

“In this regard, we appeal to reconsider and withdraw the approval of the memorandum dated October 20, 2024, authored by the FIRS Chairman. This memorandum inadvertently overlooked the legal basis for the incentives on free trade zones granted by President Obasanjo in 2002, predicated on Section 23(s) of the 2007 CITA.

“We urgently call upon the Federal Government of Nigeria to take the following actions: Expunge Sections 60, 198(2), and 198(3) from the bill; exclude free zone enterprises from the scope of Section 57 of the bill, and delete the current Second Schedule of the bill in its entirety, which was inserted into the tax bill 2024.”

Speaking on the theme of the event, “Non-Oil Export for Economic Prosperity,” the NACCIMA president said it resonated deeply with the collective aspiration for sustainable economic growth.

“The future of our economy undeniably lies in the diversification of our exports, and we must rally together towards this goal.

“The government must take deliberate and proactive steps to create market access for non-oil exports by implementing strategic policies and programs that connect local producers to global markets. Establishing trade offices in key export destinations can promote Nigerian products and facilitate business linkages.

“Through strategic partnerships with international trade organizations, we can secure preferential trade agreements that grant Nigerian products a competitive edge.

“Moreover, government-led initiatives like trade missions and export-focused road shows can showcase the quality and diversity of Nigerian goods while building networks with foreign buyers. By leveraging diplomatic channels, we can address barriers such as restrictive trade policies, unfair tariffs, and logistical challenges that hinder market penetration.”

He further added that the government could offer incentives for banks to lend more to export-oriented enterprises, fostering growth and enabling businesses to compete effectively in international markets.

He added, “These financial supports can assist local businesses in scaling their operations to meet global demands.

“To enhance the competitiveness of our exports, it is crucial that our exporters obtain international certifications, such as HACCP, ISO, and FDA. The government should provide training and support businesses in acquiring these certifications.

“Furthermore, enhancing quality control measures at ports of exit will ensure that Nigerian products not only meet global standards but also ensure consumer safety and satisfaction.”


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